Assessing Pupils’ Effective Use of Primary School Grounds in Bauchi Metropolis: A Mixed-Methods Study on Landscape Utilisation and Learning Outcomes
School grounds serve as vital learning and recreational spaces that contribute significantly to
pupils’ physical, cognitive, and social development. However, in many Nigerian public primary schools,
these spaces are underutilized or inadequately designed to support holistic education. This study
assesses the effective use of primary school grounds in the selected study area, focusing on patterns of
pupil engagement, environmental quality, and design functionality.
JOURNAL OF THE NIGERIAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS (NIAJ) June 2025 Vol 1
ournal of the Nigerian Institute of
Architects (NIAJ) is an academic
journal, which is coordinated by the
Library and Publications Committee
of the Nigerian Institute of Architects.
The first issue of NIAJ was published in
1981. Before 2023 all copies of the
journal were printed with ISSN 2315
8913, however since 2023, the journal
is printed digitally.
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